What is the difference between SSDI and SSI?

The distinction between SSDI (Social Security Disability Insurance) and SSI (Supplemental Security Income) primarily lies in their eligibility criteria and funding sources, making the work history-based aspect of SSDI and the needs-based framework of SSI a fundamental difference.

SSDI is designed for individuals who have a sufficient work history and have paid into the Social Security system through payroll taxes. Therefore, eligibility for SSDI relies on an individual having earned enough "work credits" through prior employment. This program provides benefits based on the insured status of the worker, meaning that those who become disabled and qualify for SSDI have contributed to Social Security through their earnings.

On the other hand, SSI is intended for people with limited income and resources, regardless of their work history. It is a needs-based program that is primarily funded through general tax revenues rather than Social Security taxes. SSI is available to individuals who meet financial criteria, making it accessible to those who may not have worked long enough or earned enough to qualify for SSDI.

Understanding these foundational differences is crucial for recognizing how each program serves specific populations and needs, thereby highlighting the different pathways through which individuals can access disability benefits.